Hypote\u010dn\u00ed \u00fav\u011bry banky nerozd\u00e1vaj\u00ed jen tak na dobr\u00e9 slovo. Nejprve si v\u00e1s d\u016fkladn\u011b proklepnou. P\u0159ed ost\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00edm zrakem bankovn\u00edch hypote\u010dn\u00edch specialist\u016f nejsou v bezpe\u010d\u00ed t\u0159eba ani va\u0161e v\u00fddaje za z\u00e1bavu nebo l\u00e9ta zapomenut\u00e9 h\u0159\u00edchy z ml\u00e1d\u00ed. Co je ona z\u00e1hadn\u00e1 bonita, co v\u0161echno banka p\u0159i \u017e\u00e1dosti o hypot\u00e9ku posuzuje a jak m\u016f\u017eete sv\u00e9 sk\u00f3re vylep\u0161it? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bonita ozna\u010duje hodnocen\u00ed \u017eadatele bankou, a to z hlediska jeho d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti a schopnosti \u00fav\u011br spl\u00e1cet<\/strong>. To nen\u00ed jen rozmar banky, ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 j\u00ed to p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1kon. Poskytnut\u00ed \u00fav\u011bru pro banku v\u017edy znamen\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 riziko, \u017ee se j\u00ed p\u016fj\u010den\u00e9 prost\u0159edky nenavr\u00e1t\u00ed nebo se j\u00ed vr\u00e1t\u00ed s prodlen\u00edm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Hodnocen\u00ed \u00fav\u011bruschopnosti m\u00e1 toto riziko minimalizovat, proto\u017ee vysoce rizikov\u00fdm klient\u016fm pen\u00edze nep\u016fj\u010d\u00ed v\u016fbec<\/strong> nebo jim nap\u0159\u00edklad nab\u00eddne \u00fav\u011br s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farokovou sazbou<\/strong>, aby vysok\u00e9 riziko vyv\u00e1\u017eila tak\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdnosem. Bonita \u017eadatele tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje celkovou v\u00fd\u0161i hypot\u00e9ky<\/strong> – \u010d\u00edm d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed klient jste, t\u00edm v\u00edce pen\u011bz<\/strong> v\u00e1m banka beze strachu p\u016fj\u010d\u00ed. Banka zkr\u00e1tka chce m\u00edt jistotu, \u017ee budete \u201cdobr\u00fdm dlu\u017en\u00edkem\u201d a nesta\u010d\u00ed jen to, \u017ee m\u00e1 va\u0161\u00ed nemovitost v z\u00e1stav\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bonitu banky neodvozuj\u00ed od jednoho univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho vzorce, ale ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu bonity uplat\u0148ovat svou vlastn\u00ed metodiku<\/strong>. I to je d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d u jedn\u00e9 banky m\u016f\u017eete se \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed \u201cpoho\u0159et\u201d a u druh\u00e9 bez probl\u00e9mu hypot\u00e9ku<\/a> dostat. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 se prost\u011b na faktory, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed schopnost \u017eadatele dost\u00e1t sv\u00fdm z\u00e1vazk\u016fm, d\u00edv\u00e1 jinak. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Kdy\u017e po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te banku o hypot\u00e9ku nebo i oby\u010dejn\u00fd spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd \u00fav\u011br, ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed bonity se nevyhnete. U hypot\u00e9ky je v\u0161ak zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fav\u011bruschopnosti del\u0161\u00ed a podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159ece jen tak\u00e9 jde o \u00fav\u011br s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u016fj\u010dovanou \u010d\u00e1stkou, kterou spot\u0159ebitel m\u016f\u017ee dostat. Faktory, kter\u00e9 banky ve sv\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed zohled\u0148uj\u00ed, v\u00e1m te\u010f detailn\u011b p\u0159edstav\u00edme. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krok\u016f prov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed platebn\u00ed mor\u00e1lky je nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed do registr\u016f. Banka tak sleduje va\u0161\u00ed historii u jin\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed. Ud\u011bl\u00e1 si tak komplexn\u00ed obr\u00e1zek o va\u0161em spl\u00e1cen\u00ed d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fav\u011br\u016f nebo t\u0159eba n\u00e1kup\u016f na spl\u00e1tky. Jak\u00e9 informace kde hled\u00e1? <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bankovn\u00ed registr klientsk\u00fdch informac\u00ed (BRKI) <\/strong>shroma\u017e\u010fuje informace o tom, jak\u00e9 produkty m\u00e1te v bank\u00e1ch nebo stavebn\u00edch spo\u0159iteln\u00e1ch<\/strong> sjednan\u00e9 a jak jste je spl\u00e1celi nebo aktu\u00e1ln\u011b spl\u00e1c\u00edte. Z\u00e1znam v bankovn\u00edm registru v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i \u017e\u00e1dosti o hypot\u00e9ku bu\u010f pomoci, nebo u\u0161kodit.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n Pokud jste u\u017e n\u011bjak\u00fd \u00fav\u011br u banky d\u0159\u00edve vyu\u017eili a \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b a v\u010das ho spl\u00e1celi, banka nem\u00e1 d\u016fvod v\u00e1s podez\u0159\u00edvat z toho, \u017ee se va\u0161e platebn\u00ed mor\u00e1lka zhor\u0161ila. Pokud ale uvid\u00ed, \u017ee jste se \u010dasto dost\u00e1vali do prodlen\u00ed v \u0159\u00e1du m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, va\u0161e \u0161ance na \u00fasp\u011bch se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. To plat\u00ed nejen pro spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd nebo hypote\u010dn\u00ed \u00fav\u011br<\/strong>, ale i leasing, \u00fav\u011br ze stavebn\u00edho spo\u0159en\u00ed, kontokorent nebo kreditn\u00ed kartu<\/strong>. Po splacen\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed informace v registru dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i roky. \u017d\u00e1dosti <\/strong>o n\u011bkter\u00fd produkt (a\u0165 u\u017e odm\u00edtnut\u00e9 v\u00e1mi nebo bankou) z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v BRKI viditeln\u00e9 pro dal\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed instituce po jeden rok<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Nebankovn\u00ed registr klientsk\u00fdch informac\u00ed (NRKI)<\/strong> oproti tomu eviduje va\u0161i historii u nebankovn\u00edch instituc\u00ed, kam spadaj\u00ed leasingov\u00e9 a \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/strong>. Obsahuje \u00fadaje nejen o leasingu a \u00fav\u011brech, ale i o tzv. \u201cn\u00e1kupech na spl\u00e1tky\u201d nebo konsolidaci p\u016fj\u010dek. Informace v tomto registru tak\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b \u010dty\u0159i roky po \u00fapln\u00e9m splacen\u00ed, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nedokon\u010den\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti tam z\u00e1znam z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze p\u016fl roku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n SOLUS<\/strong> b\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u00edm nejob\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edm registrem. Nezaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 va\u0161i platebn\u00ed historii jako celek, ale pouze va\u0161e proh\u0159e\u0161ky<\/strong>. Mezi subjekty zapojen\u00fdmi do registru jsou nejen finan\u010dn\u00ed instituce, ale i mobiln\u00ed oper\u00e1to\u0159i, dodavatel\u00e9 energi\u00ed<\/strong> nebo firmy poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed odlo\u017een\u00e9 platby<\/strong>. Va\u0161i hypot\u00e9ku<\/a> tedy m\u016f\u017ee ohrozit i nezaplacen\u00fd mobiln\u00ed tarif. Z\u00e1znam se z registru odstran\u00ed po t\u0159ech letech od splacen\u00ed dluhu, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b telefonn\u00edch oper\u00e1tor\u016f je to jen jeden rok. <\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm faktorem v posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed bonity jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i va\u0161e p\u0159\u00edjmy a v\u00fddaje. Ty oproti \u00fadaj\u016fm v registrech d\u00e1vaj\u00ed bance p\u0159ehled o tom, zda si nyn\u00ed budete moci dovolit \u00fav\u011br spl\u00e1cet. Nejde v\u0161ak jen o to, kolik pen\u011bz<\/strong> v\u00e1m chod\u00ed na \u00fa\u010det, ale i odkud<\/strong>. O va\u0161\u00ed \u00fav\u011bruschopnosti toti\u017e hodn\u011b napov\u00ed i p\u016fvod va\u0161ich p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159\u00edjem ze zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> banka uvid\u00ed nejrad\u011bji. Pracovn\u00ed pom\u011br na dobu neur\u010ditou si spojuje s jistotou a stabilitou. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bance dolo\u017e\u00edte potvrzen\u00ed o v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159\u00edjmu<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m vypln\u00ed a podep\u00ed\u0161e v\u00e1\u0161 zam\u011bstnavatel<\/strong>. M\u016f\u017eete ov\u0161em narazit, pokud jste ve zku\u0161ebn\u00ed dob\u011b nebo m\u00e1te smlouvu na dobu ur\u010ditou, v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee banka snadno odm\u00edtnout. Dohody o proveden\u00ed pr\u00e1ce nebo o pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnosti se zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f pro \u00fa\u010dely zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bonity jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159\u00edjem z podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> u banky proch\u00e1z\u00ed detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zkoum\u00e1n\u00edm. O hypot\u00e9ku nav\u00edc nem\u016f\u017eete \u017e\u00e1dat jen p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po tom, co jste obdr\u017eeli \u017eivnostensk\u00fd list. V okam\u017eiku pod\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti o \u00fav\u011br mus\u00edte podnikat v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 roky<\/strong>. Bance toti\u017e dokl\u00e1d\u00e1te da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> za posledn\u00ed 2 roky (podan\u00e9 p\u00edsemn\u011b nebo elektronicky) v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edloh a doklad o zaplacen\u00ed dan\u011b nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed p\u0159eplatku. OSV\u010c v re\u017eimu pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed dan\u011b<\/strong> banka po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o v\u00fdpisy z \u00fa\u010dtu<\/strong> za n\u011bkolik posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f (nej\u010dast\u011bji 6), a vy\u017e\u00e1dat si m\u016f\u017ee i v\u00e1mi vydan\u00e9 faktury<\/strong>, aby ov\u011b\u0159ila, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edjmy skute\u010dn\u011b poch\u00e1z\u00ed z va\u0161\u00ed podnikatelsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A co jin\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy<\/strong>? Banka zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 i v\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edjem z pron\u00e1jmu nemovitosti<\/strong> nebo va\u0161ich investic<\/strong>, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee prov\u011b\u0159\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed a stabilitu va\u0161eho portfolia. M\u00e1te v\u0161echny v\u00fdnosy z kryptom\u011bn? Takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem by nemusel u banky proj\u00edt. Do p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f se zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed i n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky<\/strong> ze soci\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u010di d\u016fchody \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad rodi\u010dovsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek, pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e1 pomoc v mate\u0159stv\u00ed nebo invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod. Uznateln\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmem v\u0161ak nen\u00ed podpora v nezam\u011bstnanosti nebo d\u00e1vky pomoci v hmotn\u00e9 nouzi \u2013 naopak to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vysok\u00fd \u00fav\u011br spl\u00e1cet nedok\u00e1\u017eete. <\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159\u00edjmy jako takov\u00e9 neposkytuj\u00ed kompletn\u00ed obr\u00e1zek o va\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci – k tomu je pot\u0159eba je\u0161t\u011b zn\u00e1t va\u0161e v\u00fddaje. Mus\u00ed v\u00e1m toti\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc zb\u00fdt po zaplacen\u00ed v\u0161ech pravideln\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f<\/strong> (na bydlen\u00ed, energie, pojistn\u00e9, spl\u00e1tky leasingu) je\u0161t\u011b dostatek pen\u011bz na spl\u00e1cen\u00ed <\/strong>hypot\u00e9ky a \u010d\u00e1stka na dal\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159eby alespo\u0148 ve v\u00fd\u0161i \u017eivotn\u00edho minima<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Jak\u00e9 v\u00fddaje jsou p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 a co u\u017e je moc? Banky se ve sv\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech st\u00e1le \u0159\u00edd\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve zru\u0161en\u00fdm ukazatelem DSTI<\/strong><\/a> (Debt to Service Income). Ten vyjad\u0159uje pod\u00edl v\u0161ech m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch spl\u00e1tek \u00fav\u011br\u016f na va\u0161em \u010dist\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjmu, nem\u011bl by p\u0159itom p\u0159es\u00e1hnout<\/strong> 45 %<\/strong>. Nen\u00ed za t\u00edm \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd postrann\u00ed \u00famysl, ale z\u00e1m\u011br p\u0159edch\u00e1zet nezdrav\u00e9mu zadlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong>\u017eadatel\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pokud ne\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te o hypot\u00e9ku u banky, u n\u00ed\u017e vedete sv\u016fj b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u00fa\u010det, bude po v\u00e1s cht\u00edt dolo\u017eit va\u0161e p\u0159\u00edjmy a v\u00fddaje v\u00fdpisem <\/strong>z va\u0161eho hlavn\u00edho bankovn\u00edho \u00fa\u010dtu, nej\u010dast\u011bji za posledn\u00ed 3 m\u011bs\u00edce<\/strong>. A\u0165 u\u017e vypad\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdpis jakkoliv, v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se nesna\u017ete tento ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed dokument nijak upravovat \u010di zamaz\u00e1vat jednotliv\u00e9 polo\u017eky<\/strong>. T\u00edm byste toti\u017e nez\u00edskali v\u016fbec nic, naopak byste si u banky nadobro zav\u0159eli dve\u0159e a mohlo by j\u00edt i o pokus o \u00fav\u011brov\u00fd podvod<\/strong>. Nebojte se, \u017ee v\u00e1s za va\u0161e v\u00fddaje bude banka soudit. Pozor ale na platby souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s hazardem<\/strong>, ty toti\u017e mohou zna\u010dit, \u017ee pokud propadnete gamblingu, va\u0161e finance budou v budoucnu zna\u010dn\u011b nestabiln\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Banka p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed bonity vezme v \u00favahu v\u00e1\u0161 v\u011bk, vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, povol\u00e1n\u00ed, rodinn\u00fd stav a po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed i m\u00edsto bydli\u0161t\u011b<\/strong>. Lid\u00e9 mlad\u0161\u00ed 36 let nejen\u017ee dos\u00e1hnou na 90% hypot\u00e9ku, ale jejich p\u0159\u00edjem bude posuzov\u00e1n m\u00edrn\u011bji, proto\u017ee banka bude p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee vrchol kari\u00e9ry i vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdd\u011blky je teprve \u010dekaj\u00ed. Podobn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdd\u011blek i od \u017eadatel\u016f s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bydli\u0161t\u011b je faktorem zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou zpravidla v nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch m\u011bstech vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ve zbytku republiky. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1te d\u011bti, zase znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jsou va\u0161e \u017eivotn\u00ed n\u00e1klady kv\u016fli p\u00e9\u010di o n\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u bezd\u011btn\u00fdch \u017eadatel\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00e9 pozice p\u0159i \u017e\u00e1dosti o \u00fav\u011br, pokud si hodl\u00e1te vz\u00edt hypot\u00e9ku za p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Co kdy\u017e pot\u0159ebujete svou bonitu zv\u00fd\u0161it hned te\u010f?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A je\u0161t\u011b jeden tip na z\u00e1v\u011br: zvykn\u011bte si na re\u017eim spl\u00e1cen\u00ed<\/strong> je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e o hypot\u00e9ku po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te. Odpus\u0165te si v\u00fddaje, kter\u00e9 nejsou nutn\u00e9 \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad j\u00eddlo z rozv\u00e1\u017eky, nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00f3dn\u00ed v\u00fdst\u0159elky nebo n\u00e1kupy potravin do z\u00e1soby, kdy\u017e stejn\u011b \u010dasto putuj\u00ed do popelnice. Jednak v\u00e1s bude t\u011b\u0161it pohled na v\u00e1\u0161 z\u016fstatek, za druh\u00e9 se ale tak\u00e9 nebudete styd\u011bt p\u0159i p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdpisu z \u00fa\u010dtu<\/strong>. Pasujte se zkr\u00e1tka do role v\u011b\u0159itele a chovejte se tak, jak byste cht\u011bli, aby se choval v\u00e1\u0161 dlu\u017en\u00edk. Na cest\u011b k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed ani spl\u00e1cen\u00ed hypot\u00e9ky v\u00e1s pak nepotk\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1drhel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00edt\u00edte se p\u0159ipraven\u00ed? Tak si rovnou nechte nab\u00eddky hypot\u00e9k zdarma a nez\u00e1vazn\u011b srovnat<\/a> a zjist\u011bte, kter\u00e1 banka nab\u00edz\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farokovou sazbou. Do p\u00e1r minut m\u00e1te hotovo! N\u00e1\u0161 hypote\u010dn\u00ed specialista v\u00e1m pot\u00e9 r\u00e1d porad\u00ed, kde m\u00e1te nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci na \u00fasp\u011bch. <\/p>\n\n\n\nJak se bonita zji\u0161\u0165uje? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1znamy v registrech <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fddaje<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Osoba \u017eadatele \u2013 vy!<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
D\u00e1 se bonita zv\u00fd\u0161it? A jak? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Na\u0161e tipy<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Na\u0161e tipy<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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